1
All human beings have certain things in common. From that common basis, you can attempt to understand others and write about them. There is no difference between writing from a female POV as a man and writing from a detective's POV as a non-detective. As a writer, unless you project yourself into all your characters, you always have to research what you don't know and imagine the rest to the best of your ability.
2
Currently, there is an ongoing trend to write female protagonists with "male" characteristics. Many writing coaches advise you to write male characters and switch genders after the first draft, to better achive what female readers are looking for in the protagonists today. If you look at Katniss Everdeen from The Hunger Games and other Young Adult heroines, they are in fact portrayed exactly like the male heroes where a few decades ago (psychologically strong, proactive, etc.), and many of the male characters have the same "feminine" traits that female characters once used to have (uncertainty, psychological weakness, confusion, etc.).
3
Finally, except in psychological fiction, characters are figures or symbols and not real people. Think about what function your heroine has in your story and provide her with the traits that best fulfill that function.